In an ecosystem, what role do decomposers play?

Decomposers play a vital role in ecosystems by breaking down dead organic matter, which is essential for nutrient cycling. When plants and animals die, decomposers like fungi, bacteria, and certain insects break down this matter into simpler substances. This process releases nutrients back into the soil, making them available for use by plants and other organisms, thereby maintaining the health of the ecosystem. Without decomposers, dead material would accumulate, and nutrients would remain locked away, leading to a decline in soil fertility and overall ecosystem productivity. This process is critical for sustaining life, as it ensures that the ecosystem remains balanced and productive.